Complete destruction shell

ABSTRACT

When intervention ammunitions are fired in shooting ranges, subsequently there occur high levels of released energy, stop butt damage, at the target. Therefore the invention provides a complete destruction shell, in the form of an encased shell, characterized in that the core ( 3 ) of the shell consists of balls ( 4, 5 ) or metal granular materials, and the balls ( 4, 5 ) or granular materials are compressed without forming inclusions.

The invention relates to a completely disintegrating projectile as a jacketed projectile.

When service ammunition is fired in firing ranges, damage to the bullet traps occurs as a result of the high energy depositions in the target.

The goal of the invention is therefore to find a projectile that, given the same impact point position as the projectiles of the service ammunition, protects bullet traps in firing ranges and disintegrates completely upon striking hard target structures, for example steel plates.

In order to meet this goal there is proposed a jacketed projectile, which can be a soft-nosed projectile or a full-jacketed projectile, whose projectile core is made up of balls or granulate of a metallic material compacted in void-free fashion. All materials that can be compacted to a void-free core are suitable as material for the balls or granulate. For reasons of environmental protection, in order to avoid lead dusts and contamination of the soil, lead-free materials are used by preference.

The complete disintegration (bursting) of the projectile diminishes the areal energy density in the target. In this way the penetrating power is reduced in comparison with conventional jacketed projectiles having a core of cast lead. The compacted projectile core of balls or granulate held by the projectile jacket disintegrates with the projectile jacket upon hitting the target. The grain size of the granulate or the diameter of the balls then determines both the energy deposition and the predetermined fracture zones in the projectile core and thus the size of the individual parts arising upon its disintegration.

The size of the balls or granulate depends on the caliber and lies between 1 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 6 mm. The balls with the largest diameter are used, for example, in the case of caliber 0.50.

The projectile cores can also be composed of balls or granulate particles varying in size.

The projectile core can also be composed in such fashion that the forward region, for example the ogival region, is made up of balls or granulate particles smaller in size than the cylindrical part. In this way the core disintegrates into many small splinters as soon as impact takes place. The two regions cannot be compacted jointly. Each region must be compacted individually. The balls or granulate particles varying in size can also be made up of different materials, it being necessary, however, to guarantee the optimal center of gravity position with respect to ballistics.

The balls or granulate particles can be coated before compaction with a release substance in order to guarantee better disintegration in the target. Examples of substances suitable as a release agent are graphite and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon).

The projectile cores can also be inserted into the jackets as prefabricated items, that is, precompacted into the projectile shape.

If it is desired that the projectile disintegrate as soon as impact takes place or at a shallow depth of penetration, predetermined fracture zones in the jacket are advantageous. The predetermined fracture zones run in the axial direction and lie on the inside of the jacket, preferably in the ogival region. The disintegration of the projectile can be influenced by the number and the position of the predetermined fracture zones in the jacket. The closer the predetermined fracture zones lie to the tip of the projectile, the sooner the jacket expands and disintegrates into splinters. Further predetermined fracture zones can be radially running notches on the external periphery such as for example a sharp edge in the case of hunting projectiles.

Copper, its alloys, clad steel, soft iron, and zinc-tin alloys are particularly suitable as materials for the jacket.

The invention is explained in greater detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments.

In the drawings,

FIG. 1 shows a soft-nosed projectile depicted half in section, and

FIG. 2 shows a full-jacketed projectile, likewise depicted half in section.

A soft-nosed projectile 1 is depicted in FIG. 1. The core material was charged into initially undeformed, open projectile jacket 2 and then compacted in void-free fashion into core 3. In the present exemplary embodiment the core material is made up of large balls 4 and small balls 5. Next, projectile jacket 1 was drawn into the projectile shape depicted. In this process a compact projectile core 3 with predetermined fracture zones between the compacted balls came about. Projectile jacket 2 is not closed at projectile nose 6. Projectile core 3 protrudes from opening 7 of jacket 2 and forms projectile tip 8. On the inside of jacket 2 in ogival region 9, predetermined fracture zones in the form of grooves 11 molded into jacket 2 run in the direction of axis 10 of projectile 1. There is a cup 13 in tail 12 of projectile 1 to stabilize projectile motion and thus enhance precision. In the cylindrical region of projectile 1 there can additionally be a so-called sharp edge 14, a sharp-edged notch located on the outer periphery of jacket 2, which forms a further predetermined fracture zone upon the disintegration of jacket 2. It is advantageous particularly in the case of hunting projectiles because it brings about a clean entry into the skin of the game animal.

A full-jacketed projectile 15 is depicted in FIG. 2. Projectile jacket 16 is closed at projectile tip 17. The core material is made up of granulate 18, which was initially charged through open tail 19 and then compacted in void-free fashion into a compact core 20. Next, tail region 19 of projectile 15 was provided with a cover 21 and the latter was crimped. Here again, a compact projectile core 20 with predetermined fracture zones between the granulate particles came about. Reference character 14 identifies a notch in the cylindrical part of projectile jacket 16, as is described in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1. 

1. A completely disintegrating projectile as a jacketed projectile, characterized in that the core (3; 20) is made up exclusively of balls (4, 5) or granulate (18) of a metallic material and wherein the balls (4, 5) or the granulate (18) are compacted in void-free fashion.
 2. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile is a soft-nosed projectile (1) and in that the projectile core (3) forms the projectile tip (8).
 3. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile is a full-jacketed projectile (15).
 4. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile core (3; 20) is composed of balls (4, 5) or granulate particles (18) varying in size.
 5. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the balls or granulate depends on the caliber and lies between 1 mm and 12 mm, preferably between 3 mm and 6 mm.
 6. Projectile according to claim 4, characterized in that one region of the projectile core (3; 20) is composed of granulate or balls of a different size from the other region and in that both regions are separately compacted.
 7. Projectile according to claim 6, characterized in that the regions are made up of granulate or balls of different materials.
 8. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the balls (4, 5) or granulate particles (18) are coated with a release substance.
 9. Projectile according to claim 9, characterized in that the release substance is graphite or polytetrafluoroethylene.
 10. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile cores (3; 20) are inserted into the jackets (2; 16) as prefabricated items.
 11. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile jacket (2) has predetermined fracture zones (11, 14).
 12. Projectile according to claim 11, characterized in that the predetermined fracture zones (11) run in the direction of the projectile axis (10).
 13. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the projectile jacket (2; 16) is copper, its alloys, clad steel, soft iron, or zinc-tin alloys.
 14. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile (1) has a cup (13) in the tail region (12).
 15. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile is composed of two sub-cores and a nondisintegrating sub-core is arranged in the projectile nose and a disintegrating sub-core is arranged in the projectile tail.
 16. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile is composed of two sub-cores and a disintegrating sub-core is arranged in the projectile nose and a nondisintegrating sub-core is arranged in the projectile tail.
 17. Projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the projectile (1; 15) can be used in firing ranges. 